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What is Natural Rubber? Natural rubber (NR) is a high-performance elastomer derived from the latex of the Hevea brasiliensis tree, a tropical species native to the Amazon basin. Chemically, it is composed predominantly of cis-1,4-polyisoprene, a long-chain polymer whose highly regular molecular structure endows it with exceptional elastic properties. The latex is produced in specialised cells (laticifers) in the inner bark and is harvested through a process called tapping — a